Le musulman: 2013

شروط وجوب الحج أو العمرة Terms must Hajj or 'Umrah

يجب الحج والعمرة بشروط , فمن توفرت عنده هذه الشروط وجب عليه المبادرة فوراً :

الشرط الأول/ الإسلام .

الشرط الثاني/ العقل .

الشرط الثالث/ البلوغ .

الشرط الرابع/ الاستطاعة .

وعلى المرأة شرط خامس وهو / وجود محرم لها.

* ويقصد بالاستطاعة أمرين:

الأول: القدرة على الذهاب إلى مكة ( قدرة مالية )

الثاني : القدرة على آداء المناسك ( قدرة بدنية )

ومن كان قادراً على الحج أو العمرة بماله , ولكن ويمنعه ضعف بدنه , بسبب مرض لا يرجى شفاؤه أو كبر سن وجب عليه أن ينيب غيره.

ويشترط لمن تصح نيابته في الحج أو العمرة شرطان :

الشرط الأول: أن يكون ممن يصح أداؤه في الحج أو العمرة وهو ( المسلم البالغ العاقل )

الشرط الثاني : أن يكون قد حج أو اعتمر عن نفسه.

* ويقصد بالمحرم:

1- الزوج

2- من يحرم عليه الزواج بالمرأة بأحد الأسباب التالية:

أ‌- القرابة مثل الأب أو الخال أو العم.

ب‌- المصاهرة مثل زوج البنت أو أب الزوج.

ت‌- الرضاع مثل الأخ من الرضاع.

* ما حكم حج أو عمرة الصغير؟

إذا أحرم الصغير المميز ( وهو من بلغ سبع سنوات ) , أو أحرم الأب أو الأم لطفلهم الصغير الذي لم يميز , صح منه العمرة والحج ولكن لا تجزآنه عن الواجب , ودليل صحتهما حديث ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما: أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لقي ركباً بالروحاء فقال: " من القوم؟ " قالوا: المسلمون. فقالوا: من أنت؟ قال "رسول الله" , فرفعت امرأة صبياً فقالت : ألهذا حج؟ قال: "نعم ولكِ أجر " رواه مسلم

[CONFERENCE]: Muslim Women of Today: Divided by Culture, United by Faith

We are proud to present a much needed conference ...

Muslim Women of Today: Divided by Culture, United by Faith

Discover how Eastern and Western cultures collide through their customs and laws to create an environment which limits and shapes the opportunities for Muslim women to represent their roles in the society.

This event is open to people of ALL FAITHS, Both MEN and WOMEN are welcome to attend.

Join us to hear what our panel of well known speakers have to say about the diverse role of Muslim women around the world.

SPEAKERS INCLUDE:

- Dr. Laura McDonald

- Myriam Francois-Cerrah

- Sheikha Selina Begum

- Lauren Booth

- Sh. Shafi Chowdhury

TICKETS: £15 Normal Price || £10 Early Bird (Before 15th Jan)

ALL PROCEEDS go to Peace Trail!

LIMITED SEATS ONLY!!! Book your seat NOW!!!

Winners of the Muslim News Awards for Excellence 2013.

“The awards ceremony showcases the brilliance of the British Muslim community – huge contributions made by diverse men, women and young people from around the country. And this shows that Muslims are fully integrated in the British society and that multiculturalism has been and is working.” Ahmed J Versi – Editor, The Muslim News.

Additional photographs from the eleventh awards ceremony for the Muslim News Awards of Excellence 2013 may be found below.

Eleventh Muslim Awards Ceremony recognises the very best of British Muslim Achievement

Editor of The Muslim News, Ahmed J Versi, making a point during his welcoming speech at The Muslim News Awards for Excellence Gala Dinner on 25 March.

Over 500 people celebrated the Eleventh The Muslim News Awards for Excellence – Britain’s longest standing Muslim awards event - Monday, at London’s Grosvenor House. The coveted award ceremony recognised the very best of Muslim contribution to British society.

The stand up comedian and actor, Jeff Mirza, won the Arts award. His film credits include Bend it like Beckham, It was an Accident and Tomb Raider.

Children’s award went to Aliya Al-YassinAliya Al-Yassin who has demonstrated leadership and activism qualities since the age of 14 years old. At school, Aliya organised fundraisers for victims of tsunamis, dialogues to promote interfaith activities and awareness campaigns.

Good Citizenship award went to Dr Azeem Ibrahim, an entrepreneur, philanthropist and academic.

Full list of the winners are listed below.

Guest of Honour at the event, Justice Secretary, Chris Grayling, said: “I am pleased and honoured to be taking part in this year’s Muslim News Award ceremony, celebrating the achievements of some real role models in our community. This is a great chance to recognise their valuable contribution to citizenship and to British life.”

Special guests included Shadow Chancellor, Ed Balls, Attorney General, Dominic Grieve, Deputy Leader of Liberal Democrats, Simon Hughes and Shadow Justice Secretary, Sadiq Khan.

They were joined by civic and religious leaders, as well as representatives from the worlds of politics, business, sport and the arts, to honour unsung heroes and heroines of the community.

All party leaders have sent messages of support to the event.

Prime Minister, David Cameron, who was not able to attend, sent a video message instead. Congratulating the nominees and winners, he said it was “humbling to see the level of talents and commitment in each category. Muslims make an enormous contribution to Britain whether it be in religion, business, the arts, academia, the local community, sport or in countless other areas.

“Every nominee has achieved excellence in their own right but a common thread that shines throughout is how their achievements have strengthened Britain as a whole, men, women and children who selflessly have given up their time, promoting Islamic values of peace and unity for the benefit of us all.”
Ed Miliband, Opposition Leader said: “I want to send my greetings to everybody involved in the eleventh Muslim News Awards for Excellence.

“The Muslim News plays an important role in the Muslim community, both giving voice to the community as a whole and giving expression to the diverse range of views within it.

“I am pleased to see the Awards going from strength to strength. They are an effective way to recognise not only excellence in business, sports, arts, and technology, but also to publicly praise those who have served both the Muslim and the wider communities.”

Nick Clegg, Deputy Prime Minister and Leader of Liberal Democrats, said: “Once again, I am delighted to support the Muslim News Awards for Excellence.

“All of the winners and nominees have truly inspirational stories, setting the standard not just for the Muslim community but our society as a whole. I am proud of the rich and diverse tapestry that makes up our society.”

Ahmed J Versi, Editor of The Muslim News said in his welcoming speech: “The awards ceremony showcases the brilliance of the British Muslim community – huge contributions made by diverse men, women and young people from around the country.”

“We are celebrating talents in our community, not only excelling in their respective professions but also contributing to the society.”

NOTES TO EDITORS:

1. The Muslim News Awards for Excellence took place on Monday 25 March at the Grosvenor House.

List of the winners, presenters and sponsors are listed below – please note they are embargoed until 9 pm Monday 25 March.

2. There are sixteen categories of the awards, for a full shortlist, visit:

http://archive.muslimnews.co.uk/index/section.php?page=press

[also in the brochure]

TV footage and still photographs are available from The Muslim News.

The judging panel for this year were (bio in the brochure and on linehttp://archive.muslimnews.co.uk/index/section.php?page=press)

Rushanara Ali MP, Consultant Paediatrician Dr Rumina Hassan-Ali, Executive Director of Citizens UK Neil Jameson, Operations Manager for Muslim Charities Forum Abdurrahman Mohammed Sharif and first Muslim headteacher of a secondary school Bushra Nasir.

The Muslim News Awards 2010 winners (information in the brochure and in the shortlist link above)

Award category, Award presenters , Sponsors and Winners

For the Media embargoed until 9 pm Monday 25 March 2013

1. Presented by: The Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice, Rt Hon Chris Grayling, MP

Award: Alhambra for Arts

Winner: Jeff Mirza

2 Presented by Dr Sophie Gilliat-Ray, Director, Islam-UK Centre, Cardiff University

Award Category: Alija Izetbegovic, Good Citizenship

Winner: Dr Azeem Ibrahim

3. Presented by Jahanghir Malik, UK Director, Islamic Relief

Award: Ibn Khaldun award for excellence in promoting understanding between global cultures

First Female Reciting the Holy Quran

Tahera Ahmad delivered a beautiful Quran recitation to open the 50th annual Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) convention on August 30, becoming the very first woman to do so.

SNA has represented the interests of American Muslims for the last half-century, and holds a moderate Islamic viewpoint. In a congratulatory video message, President Obama applauded ISNA for its service efforts, saying, "Over the last half century, you've upheld the proud legacy of American Muslims' contributions to our national fabric, and this gathering is a testament to that tradition."

Illinois-raised Ahmad is the Associate University Chaplain at Northwestern University as well as a faculty fellow. She has been educated at a number of prestigious schools, including Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, which is considered the foremost institution in the Muslim world for the study of Islamic law.

Ahmad told the Huffington Post, "I am elated to hear from young women who are inspired to now learn this art, as many of them said that they never knew a woman could recite the Quran with such grace. This is not about creating controversy or fitna, this is about digging deep, doing our research and reviving our Islamic tradition and giving women the opportunity to be a part of our rich legacy."

Response to Ahmad's recitation in front of a co-ed audience has been predictably mixed. While some have praised her recitation as a step forward for gender equality in Islam, others have criticized her for being too "innovative" when it comes to religion.

Canada -Edmonton police approve hijab headscarf design for female officers

Edmonton police have approved a design for a hijab headscarf for female officers of Muslim faith.

The hijab design covers the head and neck, but not the face, according to a press release issued Friday.

EPS currently does not have any applicants requesting to wear a hijab but police wanted to be proactive and “reflect the changing diversity in the community, and to facilitate the growing interest in policing careers from Edmonton’s Muslim community,” as stated in the release.

The Five Pillars of ISLAM

(1) The Profession of Faith

The absolute focus of Islamic piety is Allah, the supreme, all knowing, all-powerful, and above all, all-merciful God. The Arabic word Allah means the God, and this God is understood to be the God who brought the world into being and sustains it to its end. By obeying God's commands, human beings express their recognition of and gratitude for the wisdom of creation, and live in harmony with the universe.
The profession of faith, or witness to faith (shahada), is therefore the prerequisite for membership in the Muslim community. On several occasions during a typical day, and in the saying of daily prayers, a Muslim repeats the profession, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is his prophet." There are no formal restrictions on the times and places these words can be repeated. To become a member of the Muslim community, a person has to profess and act upon this belief in the oneness of God and the prophethood of Muhammad. To be a true profession of faith that represents a relationship between the speaker and God, the verbal utterance must express genuine knowledge of its meaning as well as sincere belief. A person's deeds can be subjected to scrutiny by other Muslims, but a person's utterance of the profession of faith is sufficient evidence of membership in the Muslim community and cannot be challenged by other members of this community.

(2) The Five Daily Prayers

The second pillar of Islam is the religious duty to perform five prescribed daily prayers or salat. All adult Muslims are supposed to perform five prayers, preceded by ritual cleansing or purification of the body at different intervals of the day. The Qur'anic references also mention the acts of standing, bowing, and prostrating during prayers and facing a set direction, known as qibla. The Muslims were first required to face Jerusalem during prayer, but already during Muhammad's lifetime they were commanded to face the Kaaba, an ancient shrine in the city of Mecca. The Qur'an also refers to the recitation of parts of the Qur'an as a form of prayer. However, even with its numerous references, the Qur'an alone does not give exact instructions for this central ritual of prayer.

The most detailed descriptions of the rituals for prayer derive from the example set by the prophet Muhammad and are preserved in later Islamic traditions. Some details of these rituals vary, however all Muslims agree that there are five required daily prayers to be performed at certain times of day: dawn (fajr or subh), noon (zuhr), midafternoon (asr), sunset (maghrib), and evening (isha). The dawn, noon, and sunset prayers do not start exactly at dawn, noon, and sunset; instead, they begin just after, to distinguish the Islamic ritual from earlier pagan practices of worshiping the sun when it rises or sets.

A prayer is made up of a sequence of units called bowings (rak'as). During each of these units, the worshiper stands, bows, kneels, and prostrates while reciting verses from the Qur'an as well as other prayer formulas. With some variations among different Muslim sects, at noon, afternoon, and evening prayers, these units are repeated four times, while during the sunset prayer they are repeated three times, and at dawn only twice. The opening chapter of the Qur'an, al-Fatiha, is repeated in each unit in a prayer sequence. Each prayer concludes with the recitation of the profession of faith followed by the greeting "may the peace, mercy, and blessings of God be upon you."

Wherever Muslims live in substantial numbers throughout the world, the call to prayer, or adhan, is repeated five times a day by a muezzin (crier) from a mosque, the Muslim place of worship. Muslims are encouraged to pray together in mosques, but group prayer is only a religious obligation for the noon prayer on Friday. Women, travelers, sick Muslims, and those attending to the sick are granted license not to attend the Friday congregational prayer, although they may attend if they wish.

The Friday noon prayer is led by an imam, who is simply a prayer leader; this prayer differs from the usual noon prayers of the other days of the week. As a required part of the ritual at this congregational meeting, two sermons precede the prayer. On other days, Muslims can pray anywhere they wish, either individually or in groups. They must observe the rituals of praying at certain times of day, facing in the direction of Mecca, observing the proper order of prayers, and preparing through symbolic purification. Depending on the situation, this last ritual of ablution requires either total washing of the body or a less elaborate ritual washing of the hands, mouth, face, and feet.

In addition to the five required daily prayers, Muslims can perform non-obligatory prayers, some of which have fixed ritual formats and are performed before or after each of the five daily prayers. Others are performed at night, either individually or with other Muslims. These additional formal and informal prayers give expression to the primary function of prayer in Islam, which is personal communication with God for the purpose of maintaining the abiding presence of the divine in the personal lives of Muslims. The more formal aspects of prayer also serve to provide a disciplined rhythm that structures the day and fosters a sense of community and shared identity among Muslims.

(3) Almsgiving

The third pillar of Islam is zakat, or almsgiving. A religious obligation, zakat is considered an expression of devotion to God. It represents the attempt to provide for the poorer sectors of society, and it offers a means for a Muslim to purify his or her wealth and attain salvation. The Qur'an, together with other Islamic traditions, strongly encourages charity and constantly reminds Muslims of their moral obligation to the poor, orphans, and widows; however, it distinguishes between general, voluntary charity (sadaqa) and zakat, the latter being an obligatory charge on the money or produce of Muslims. While the meaning of terms has been open to different interpretations, the Qur'an regularly refers to zakat, identifying specific ways in which this tax can be spent. These specific uses include spending zakat on the poor and the needy, on those who collect and distribute zakat, on those whom Muslims hope to win over and convert to Islam, on travelers, on the ransom of captives, to relieve those who are burdened with debts, and on the cause of God.
The Qur'an provides less-detailed information about the kinds of things that are subject to the zakat tax or the precise share of income or property that should be paid as zakat. These determinations are provided in the traditions of the prophet Muhammad and have been the subject of elaborate discussions among Muslim legal experts, or jurists. For example, one-fortieth (2.5 percent) of the assets accumulated during the year (including gold, silver, and money) is payable at the end of the year, while one-tenth of the harvest of the land or date trees is payable at harvest time. Cattle, camels, and other domestic animals are subject to a more complex taxation system that depends on the animals in question, their age, the numbers involved, and whether they are freely grazing. Traditional zakat laws do not cover trade, but commercial taxes have been imposed by various Muslim governments throughout history.

(4) Fasting

The fourth pillar of Islam is sawm, or fasting. Clear Qur'anic references to fasting account for the early introduction of this ritual practice. The Qur'an prescribes fasting during the month of Ramadan, the 9th month of the 12-month Islamic lunar year (see Calendar). The month of Ramadan is sacred because the first revelation of the Qur'an is said to have occurred during this month. By tradition the month starts with the sighting of the new moon by at least two Muslims. For the entire month, Muslims must fast from daybreak to sunset by refraining from eating, drinking, and sexual intercourse. Menstruating women, travelers, and sick people are exempted from fasting but have to make up the days they miss at a later date.
According to various traditional interpretations, the fast introduces physical and spiritual discipline, serves to remind the rich of the misfortunes of the poor, and fosters, through this rigorous act of worship, a sense of solidarity and mutual care among Muslims of all social backgrounds. Thus Muslims usually engage in further acts of worship beyond the ordinary during Ramadan, such as voluntary night prayer, reading sections from the Qur'an, and paying voluntary charity to the poor. Muslims may even choose to wake before daybreak to eat a meal that will sustain them until sunset. After the fasting ends, the holiday of breaking the fast, 'id al-fitr, begins, lasting for three days.
At any time of year fasting is also required as a compensation for various offenses and violations of the law. Many Muslims also perform voluntary fasts at various times of the year as acts of devotion and spiritual discipline. However, such additional fasting is not required by Islamic law.

(5) Pilgrimage to Mecca

The fifth pillar requires that Muslims who have the physical and financial ability should perform the pilgrimage, or hajj, to Mecca at least once in a lifetime. The ritual of pilgrimage was practiced by Arabs before the rise of Islam and continues from the early days of Islam. The hajj is distinct from other pilgrimages. It must take place during the 12th lunar month of the year, known as Dhu al-Hijja, and it involves a set and detailed sequence of rituals that are practiced over the span of several days. All of the pilgrimage rituals take place in the city of Mecca and its surroundings, and the primary focus of these rituals is a cubical structure called the Kaaba. According to Islamic tradition, the Kaaba, also referred to as the House of God, was built at God's command by the prophet Ibrahim (Abraham of the Hebrew and Christian Bibles) and his son Ismail (see Ishmael).
The Qur'an provides detailed descriptions of various parts of the ritual, and it portrays many of these rituals as reenactments of the activities undertaken by Ibrahim and Ismail in the course of building the Kaaba. Set into one corner of the Kaaba is the sacred Black Stone, which according to one Islamic tradition was given to Ibrahim by the angel Gabriel. According to another Islamic tradition this stone was first set in place by Adam.
Once pilgrims arrive in Mecca, ritual purification is performed. Many men shave their heads, and most men and women put on seamless white sheets. This simple and common dress symbolizes the equality of all Muslims before God, a status further reinforced by the prohibition of jewelry, perfumes, sexual intercourse, and hunting. After this ritual purification, Muslims circle the Kaaba seven times, run between al-Safa and al-Marwa, two hills overlooking the Kaaba, seven times, and perform several prayers and invocations. This ritual is a reenactment of the search by Hagar for water to give her son Ismail.
After these opening rituals, the hajj proper commences on the seventh day and continues for the next three days. Again, it starts with the performance of ritual purification followed by a prayer at the Kaaba mosque. The pilgrims then assemble at Mina, a hill outside Mecca, where they spend the night. The next morning they go to the nearby plain of Arafat, where they stand from noon to sunset and perform a series of prayers and rituals. The pilgrims then head to Muzdalifa, a location halfway between Arafat and Mina, to spend the night. The next morning, the pilgrims head back to Mina, on the way stopping at stone pillars symbolizing Satan, at which they throw seven pebbles.
The final ritual is the slaughter of an animal (sheep, goat, cow, or camel). This is a symbolic reenactment of God's command to Ibrahim to sacrifice his son Ismail, which Ibrahim and Ismail duly accepted and were about to execute when God allowed Ibrahim to slaughter a ram in place of his son. (In the Hebrew and Christian Bibles, Abraham is called to sacrifice his son Isaac rather than Ishmael.) Most of the meat of the slaughtered animals is to be distributed to poor Muslims. The ritual sacrifice ends the hajj and starts the festival of the sacrifice, 'id al-adha. The festivals of breaking fast ('id al-fitr) at the end of Ramadan and 'id al-adha are the two major Islamic festivals celebrated by Muslims all over the world.
During the pilgrimage most Muslims visit Medina, where the tomb of the Prophet is located, before returning to their homes. If the pilgrimage rituals are performed at any time of the year other than the designated time for hajj, the ritual is called umra. Although umra is considered a virtuous act, it does not absolve the person from the obligation of hajj. Most pilgrims perform one or more umras before or after the hajj proper.
Many Muslims pilgrims also travel to Jerusalem, which is the third sacred city for Islam. Muslims believe Muhammad was carried to Jerusalem in a vision. The Dome of the Rock houses the stone from which Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven and Allah in a night journey. Some Muslims perform pilgrimages to the Dome of the Rock and to other shrines where revered religious figures are buried. Some of these shrines are important primarily to the local populations, whereas others draw Muslims from distant regions. There are no standard prescribed rituals for these pilgrimages nor are they treated as obligatory acts of worship.

Muslim weekly Festivity

Priere el djoumouaa

Douâa de la Joumouâa :

(O Allah, compte-moi parmi ceux que Tu as guidés!Compte-moi parmi ceux à qui Tu as donné la sécurité. Compte-moi parmi ceux dont Tu as pris soin et bénis les choses que Tu m'as données. Protège-moi du mal qui existe dans les choses que Tu as décrétées. Car Tu décrètes et personne ne décrète à Ton encontre. Quiconque est à Tes soins ne saurait être humilié et quiconque Tu prends comme ennemis ne saurait connaître les honneurs. Tu es le Béni et le Très-Haut. Et qu'Allah accorde Sa bénédiction et Sa paix au prophète Mohammed).

Al Hajj The Talbiyah

Labbayka Allāhumma Labbayk. Labbayk Lā Sharīka Laka Labbayk. Inna l-Ḥamda, Wa n-Niʻmata, Laka wal Mulk, Lā Sharīka Lak.In Arabic: لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ، لَبَّيْكَ لاَ شَرِيْكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ، إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ وَالنِّعْمَةَ لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ لاَشَرِيْكَ لَكَ

translated as:

"Here I am at Thy service O Lord, here I am. Here I am at Thy service and Thou hast no partners. Thine alone is All Praise and All Bounty, and Thine alone is The Sovereignty. Thou hast no partners."

The Shia version of the talbiyah is exactly the same as the Sunni one but ends with an extra "Labbaik."

لبيك اللهم لبيك .. لبيك لا شريك لك لبيك .. إن الحمد والنعمة لك والملك .. لا شريك لك لبيك ... لبيك اللهم لاشريك لك

لبيك اللهم لبيك .. لبيك لا شريك لك لبيك .. إن الحمد والنعمة لك والملك .. لا شريك لك لبيك ... لبيك اللهم لاشريك لك